Background: Temporomandibular joint ankylosis is the fusion of mandibular condyle to the glenoid fossa, which causes distressing conditions. It may be due to trauma or infection. Temporo-mandibular joint Ankylosis is a significant problem in India, aggravated by the delay of diagnosis due to various factors. The iatrogenic delay is a main reason why patients suffer in pain and ultimately get jaw lock due to ankylosis. The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of TMJ Ankylosis and treatment given at a tertiary health centre dental hospital among among the general population over a period of two years.

Materials and Method: A longitudnal cross sectional study for 17 patients (6 males, 11 females) aged 5- 40 years old. Data were collected from patients records registered from January 2017 to December 2018.

Results: Females were more affected than males, the most affected age group was 7-14 years old, bilateral ankylosis more common than unilateral, intra capsular ankylosis is the most common type, and micrognathia is the most common deformity. 17 patients received treatment, coronoidectomy with interpositional arthroplasty with costochondral graft and physiotherapy is the most preferable treatment method. Also Condylectomy + Interpositional arthroplasty with temporal fascia + Physiotherapy and Distraction osteogenesis + Gap arthroplasty + Coronoidectomy + Physiotherapy were used. All the patients received treatment and undergoing regular follow up.

Conclusion: The prevalence of TMJ ankylosis among children was high; the most common causes were trauma and infection, whereas most of patients came with intracapsular type ankylosis in children leads to facial deformities. Improvement of awareness regarding condyle fracture is required.