Vol. 1, Issue 4, Part B (2015)

Abstract: Periodontal regeneration attributes to a complete recovery of the periodontal tissues in both height and function, that is, the formation of alveolar bone, a new connective attachment through collagen fibers functionally oriented on the newly formed cementum. Regeneration of the periodontal tissues is a complex phenomenon requiring interplay between various processes in a timely manner. Healing of the periodontal tissues is also rendered more complex because it must occur in an open system permanently contaminated and under a significant bacterial load. Added to this complexity are the occlusal forces on the tooth complex in the transverse and the axial planes which affect the stability of the healing wound.
Complete regeneration of periodontium still considered a difficult and often resulted in incomplete regeneration. Tissue engineering and other cell based therapies have emerged as an alternative approach for the regeneration of several tissues damaged by disease or trauma, including the periodontium. This article reviews the approach of periodontal regeneration using tissue engineering.