AUTHOR(S): Dr. Muhannad Abdulrhman Muhammed Halwani, Rakan Saed Safar Al Thobaiti and Abdallah Ali M Asker

ABSTRACT:Introduction: Anatomical changes and physiological processes taking over tooth extraction were studied in the past however, since the introduction of dental implants in modern odontology, these issues and the prevention of edentulous jaw atrophy have become very hot topics. The survival of implants and their ability to provide adequate function and esthetic are strictly correlated with their proper positioning in relation to the alveolar housing, the neighboring teeth and the occluding dentition. It is thus easily understood the tremendous effort that has been used by many researchers and practitioners in reducing this unavoidable modeling and remodeling process. Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the vertical changes of maxillary and mandibular bone after bone resorption due to tooth extraction and Quality Assessment of Mandibular Maxillary bone, Maxillary sinus and its willingness form For dental implants without need of bone Grafting in the southern region Saudi patients by using panoramic radiograph. Material and Method: Standard panoramic radiographies were performed. This cross sectional study was conducted at KKU Dental faculty. The patients’ panoramic radiographs that were needed before and after 6 month of extraction were taken. 112 panoramic radiographies were evaluated, The distances of Alveolar Ridge after extraction measured and the vertical Alveolar Ridge changes were also measured. Standard panoramic radiographs of 16- to 66 -years-old patients were reviewed, 112 subjects who visited KKU Dental faculty were enrolled in this study, and had extraction indication of one or more single-rooted teeth with alveolar bone preservation. Results: Panoramic radiographs have been used frequently as a radiographic method for pre- and post-extraction evaluation, it was determined whether the tooth extracted from Maxilla or mandible after evaluation of the panoramic vision by Dr. Rakan Saed Al-thobaiti and Dr. Muhannad Abdulrhman Halwani on each of the following we found that the extracted teeth is more in maxilla than mandible (Fig 1). The pattern of the bone loos was determined as horizontal or vertical. The result was that the horizontal pattern was common at about 4 times the vertical pattern (Fig2). It was also determined whether the extracted tooth was common in the anterior or posterior teeth and we found that the result was that the posterior was common at about 4 times the anterior (Fig3). It was also determined whether the extracted tooth central or canine or premolar or molar (Fig 4) Finally, the amount of bone retraction at the central site of extracted tooth was calculated by mm, where reached the average distance is 1.85 mm (Fig 6 C,D). Discussion: Radiography is the only non-invasive method available to plan treatments involving the mandible. Panoramic radiographs are commonly used to screen, diagnose, and select the best possible surgical approach. Panoramic radiographs were utilized because of certain advantages over intra-oral radiography. Conclusion: In summary, diagnostic imaging is an integral part of dental therapy for preoperative planning, intraoperative and postoperative assessment by use of variety of techniques to assess the bone whether grafting is needed or not, but it seems that patients who lose their teeth in the highlands need to be grafted as soon as possible because of slow process of healing after the extraction of teeth and lack of oxygen in highlands like Abha city.

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