Aim: Review of literature on the influence of Treponema denticola on apical periodontitis due to infection of endodontal origin.

Methodology: Search was carried out in the database PubMed and EBSCO.

Results: T. denticola is one of the most frequently identified microorganisms within the root canals and these spirochetes are partly responsible for the pathogenesis of periapical bone lesions such as apical periodontitis. They are found within the biofilm and their aggressiveness is due to a diversity of virulence factors, highlighting their dentillisin, mobility and their ability to modulate the host's defensive response.

Conclusion: T. denticola has a series of molecular determinants that could allow it to cause tissue damage and evade the host immune response. In addition, it has several virulence determinants that allow it to promote disease progression.