Objectives: 1. In patients undergoing endodontic treatment, does a single-visit approach, compared to a multiple visit approach, result in a higher healing of single visit endodontic treatment? 2. In patients undergoing endodontic treatment, does a single-visit approach, compared to a multiple visit approach, result in a higher success rate of single visit endodontic treatment? Materials and methods: Articles were reviewed using the National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE PubMed) and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Google Scholar, Google, Clinical trials registry and manual search using DPU college library resources. All cross-reference lists of the selected studies were screened for additional papers that could meet the eligibility criteria of the study. The databases were searched up to and including 2017 using the search strategy.

Results: Periapical healing showed a significantly lower success rate in the type 2 diabetic group than the nondiabetic group between one-visit therapy and two-visit therapy.

Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus in a single visit endodontic treatment poses a significant effect on healing outcome, as they present with compromised periapical disease. Control of blood sugar levels increases the healing rate and RCT is effective even in uncontrolled diabetes.