Vol. 7, Issue 3, Part G (2021)

Abstract: Gingival fibromatosis (GF) is a rare and diverse group of illnesses characterised by slow-growing, localised or diffuse gingival and interdental papilla enlargements. Extra tissue may cover the crowns of the teeth due to the development of pseudo pockets and plaque collecting, causing functional, cosmetic, and periodontal issues including as bone loss and bleeding. It affects both men and women equally. Hereditary, drug-induced, and idiopathic factors have all been associated to gingival overgrowth. Gingival fibromatosis is a hereditary condition that can occur on its own or as part of a bigger genetic disorder. Gingival fibromatosis is characterised by an excessive build-up of extracellular matrix proteins, the most visible of which is collagen type I. A mutation in the son-of-Sevenless-1 gene has been proposed as one possible etiological cause of solitary (non-syndromic) hereditary gingival fibromatosis, given the disorder's variability. Other genes, on the other hand, are likely to be involved. The patient's medical history and clinical symptoms, as well as a histological study of the affected gingiva, are used to make the diagnosis. Early finding is crucial, especially when it comes to excluding oral cancer. The differential diagnosis includes all oral illnesses with substantial gingival overgrowth. Treatments vary based on the type of overgrowth and the degree of disease progression; for example, scaling the teeth is sufficient in moderate cases, but surgical intervention is required in severe cases. The prognosis is unknown, and recurrence is possible.