Objective: To analyze the literature on the characteristics of Sjogren's syndrome regarding its prevalence, risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment.

Methodology: Current literature review was carried out using the following databases: Pubmed and SCOPUS. The keywords used were "Sjogren's syndrome, prevalence, risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment".

Results: The prevalence is between 1:100 and 2.2:1000, and affects women in more than 95% with 9:1 ratio. The most common morbidity is from non-Hodgkin's B-cell lymphomas. The main symptoms are keratoconjunctivitis sicca and xerostomia. Diagnosis is by evaluation of ocular and oral dryness, detection of anti-Ro and anti-La autoantibodies, and analysis of salivary gland biopsies. The most common treatments are systemic immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive agents, steroid and non-steroid therapies, and tacrolimus for steroid intolerant patients.

Conclusion: Sjogren's syndrome is one of the most frequent autoimmune rheumatic diseases with a predilection in women between 40 and 60 years of age. Morbidity is important in non-Hodgkin's B-cell lymphoma. Xerostomia is the most common symptom in dentistry. Diagnosis is made by histopathology and serology. Currently there is no cure, but treatments are to improve symptoms and prevent complications.