Aim: The current study’s goal was to employ CBCT to determine the accurate root anatomy, as well as root canal configuration, of mandibular first and second premolars in Kashmiri Population.

Materials and Methods: CBCT scans data of the patients who were scanned for some diagnostic purposes were collected. The collected data were subjected to a retrospective examination. All of the data related to patients who were scanned at the Bright X-rays CBCT centre between Jan 2018 and December 2021 were evaluated.

Results: Table 1 shows the number of roots on the right and left sides in relation to gender and tooth location. Of the 250 teeth assessed, 243 mandibular premolars had one root (97.2%), whereas 7 (2.8%) were two-rooted. There was no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) between gender and the number of roots or tooth position and the number of roots.

Conclusion: The prevalence of multiple canals in mandibular first premolars was mainly of Type V, and mandibular second premolars had a low rate of canal variation. Root canal bifurcation occurred at the middle or apical third in most bicanal mandibular premolars. CBCT scanning can be used in the management of mandibular premolars with complex canal morphology.