Nano dentistry primarily focuses on the utilization of Nano biomaterials in the treatment of oral conditions, aiming to enhance overall oral health. The application of nanoparticles in various aspects of oral healthcare, such as managing dentin hypersensitivity, eliminating bacterial biofilm, diagnosing and treating oral malignancies, and bone replacement, is expanding. Nanoparticles possess unique physical and chemical properties, allowing their use in irrigation solutions, intracanal medications, sealants, and restorative materials to enhance antimicrobial efficacy. Nanoparticles exhibit multiple effects on bacteria, as demonstrated by numerous in vitro studies on their bactericidal properties. The complex anatomy of a root canal makes it challenging to eliminate pathogens and clean the canal effectively. Nanoparticles with inherent antibacterial properties overcome the resistance developed by various pathogens against traditional medications and irrigants used in root canal treatments. This article aims to review existing literature on the purposes, and benefits of nanoparticles in restorative dentistry and Endodontics.