Introduction: The surface details and dimensional accuracy of the cast obtained after taking impressions are essential aspects of the success of fixed prosthodontic treatment. Dental impressions can be made with a variety of elastic materials, including hydrocolloids and synthetic elastomers like polysulfide, addition silicone, condensation silicone, and polyether. These many impression materials are all employed to produce replicas of oral tissues.

Aim and Objectives: This study intends to evaluate and compare the surface detail production of 4 different impression materials; alginate (Single mix), polyvinyl siloxane impression material (1 step), alginate (Tray and injectable type), alginate (Double mix)

Material and Methodology: In the present study, a total of 20 samples were poured for assessing surface detail production, of the following groups: alginate (Single mix), polyvinyl siloxane (1 step), alginate (Cavex: Tray and injectable type), and alginate (Double mix) with standard stainless-steel die (ADA specification 9). Dimensional accuracy was determined by measuring the distance between X and X’ of line B using a stereo zoom microscope (Olympus) under 30X magnification using Scopus Image 9.0 software. Measurements were recorded and the average value was taken and compared to the original length of the metal die.

Results: Group 2 showed the highest mean value followed by Group 4. The results of the study confirmed the hypothesis that different impression materials affected accuracy in a way that double-mix alginate was followed by the addition silicone as the most accurate impression material.