Vol. 10, Issue 3, Part E (2024)

The anatomy of root canals is quite complex. The primary objective of root canal treatment is to eliminate infection and achieve a proper seal both at the apex and coronal area through effective filling. If the root canal system is not thoroughly cleaned and shaped, and if proper three-dimensional filling is not carried out, it often leads to treatment failure. Clinicians need to be aware of these anatomical variations to ensure successful treatment. Mandibular first molars usually have three or four root canals, and it's rare for them to have five or more. However, a recent study found a rare anatomical variation in which the mandibular right first molar had six root canals. This was discovered during endodontic treatment, using dental loupes and microscopes. This case report shows that using magnification with microscopes increases the likelihood of finding additional canals.