Vol. 10, Issue 3, Part E (2024)

Introduction: The aim of this systematic review was to assess the efficacy of fixed functional appliances in orthodontic patients. The review focused on comparing pre- and post-treatment measurements across a range of skeletal, dentoalveolar, and soft tissue parameters, such as the SNA angle, SNB angle, ANB angle, incisor mandibular plane angle, upper central incisor to Sella-Nasion (SN) plane angle, overjet, and nasolabial angle.
Materials and Methods: This systematic review is based on 14 studies, collectively involving 663 individuals with skeletal class II malocclusion and retrognathic mandibles. The participants had a mean age of 13±2.6 years and were treated with various fixed functional appliances. Appliances used in studies comprises of Herbst appliance, Fixed Twin block, Forsus fatigue resistance device, Forsus nitinol flat spring, Power scope device, Advance sync device, Jasper jumper, Churro jumper.
Results: Out of the 14 studies, the pre- and post-treatment effects on the SNA angle, SNB angle, ANB angle, IMPA, U1 to SN angle, overjet, and nasolabial angle were evaluated. The sagittal correction of class II malocclusion was predominantly achieved. Statistically significant reductions were observed in the SNA angle, ANB angle, U1 to SN angle, and overjet. Meanwhile, post-treatment increases were noted in the SNB angle, IMPA, and nasolabial angle.
Conclusion: All fixed functional appliances successfully corrected class II malocclusions. It considerably causes the jaw to shift forward and downward. Although not present with every fixed functional appliance but statistics show that Fixed Functional Appliances induce is noticeable maxillary retrusion.