Vol. 11, Issue 1, Part A (2025)

Introduction: The concept of minimally invasive dentistry has been developed in the last decade for the control of new caries, focusing on early arrest of lesions and remineralization of enamel and dentin. Objective: To analyze the existing literature on the treatment of carious lesions in primary teeth using a minimal intervention approach without the need for local anesthesia, covering: the non-restorative caries control technique and the use of sealants, the use of Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF), Hall Technique (HT), selective removal of carious tissue and atraumatic restorative treatment (ART). 
Methodology: A search strategy was carried out in PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar databases, using a combination of keywords including: Silver Diamine Fluoride, Hall Technique, selective removal of carious tissue and atraumatic restorative treatment, non-restorative caries control technique. 
Results: Regarding non-restorative control and the use of sealants, both have variable results, and their use is recommended in primary teeth and caries limited to the enamel. HT will be successful for the management of interproximal dentin caries in primary molars. SDF represents a high quality and safe cariostatic agent, despite subsequent pigmentation. Selective removal of carious tissue provides success in maintaining pulp vitality, and ART is often efficient, affordable, and practical for use in more remote areas of the population. 
Conclusions: Biological approaches are based on preserving tooth structure and maintaining function for as long as possible and, in the case of primary teeth, until they naturally exfoliate, many of these approaches fall under the term Minimal Interventional Dentistry. For the selection of the technique to be used, the type of lesion presented, and the conditions and cooperation of the patient should be considered, so there is no "one size fits all" in minimally invasive dentistry.