Vol. 11, Issue 3, Part C (2025)

Post-operative endodontic pain remains a prevalent and multifactorial clinical challenge that can significantly impact patient comfort and treatment outcomes. A comprehensive pain management strategy, combining both pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches, is essential for effective control. Non-pharmacological interventions including pulpotomy, crown-down technique, proper irrigation methods, and adjunctive therapies like phototherapy and cryotherapy further enhance patient outcomes. Clinicians must adopt an individualized approach based on the patient's medical condition, procedural complexity, and pain profile to optimize post-operative care and enhance the overall success of endodontic therapy. On the other hand, NSAIDs, particularly ibuprofen, remain the cornerstone of pharmacologic intervention, while corticosteroids like dexamethasone and prednisolone offer significant short-term relief when used preoperatively or via local injections. Alternative delivery systems such as transdermal patches and intraosseous injections provide viable options for patients with systemic limitations. Intracanal medicaments, like Ledermix and Odontopaste, have shown efficacy in managing localized inflammation and pain.