Vol. 11, Issue 4, Part D (2025)

Background: Early childhood caries (ECC) is a significant public health issue affecting preschoolers in Bangladesh, particularly in urban areas like Dhaka City. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of silver diamine fluoride application in preventing ECC among preschool children.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 200 preschoolers aged 3 to 6 years at the University Dental College and Hospital in Moghbazar, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Data collection took place from January 2024 to December 2024. Data were collected through clinical examinations using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) and structured questionnaires assessing socio-demographic factors, dietary habits, and oral hygiene practices. The prevalence of dental caries was compared between children who received silver diamine fluoride and those who did not. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with caries prevalence.

Results: The study found that 65% of participants had dental caries. Among children who received fluoride varnish, 40% had caries compared to 90% of those who did not (p<0.001). SDF(silver diamine fluoride varnish application significantly reduced the risk of caries (OR: 0.15, p<0.001). Frequent sugary snack consumption and inadequate oral hygiene practices were associated with increased caries risk. Socio-economic status influenced access to preventive care, with lower-income families experiencing higher caries prevalence.

Conclusion: The findings underscore the high prevalence of ECC among preschoolers in Dhaka City and the significant protective effect of fluoride varnish. Targeted public health interventions are essential to improve access to preventive dental care and promote better oral health outcomes for vulnerable populations.